Le terme d'« institution sociale » est assez obscur, que ce soit dans la langue ordinaire ou dans la littérature philosophique. Toutefois, la sociologie contemporaine semble parfois plus consistante dans les usages de ce terme. Typiquement, les sociologues contemporains emploient le terme pour se référer aux formes sociales complexes qui se reproduisent elles-mêmes, tels que les gouvernements, la famille, les langues humaines, les universités, les hôpitaux, les entreprise et les systèmes légaux.
Mot-clé -
4 janvier 2007
Les institutions sociales
25 décembre 2006
Les concepts de Dieu
The object of attitudes valorized in the major religious traditions is typically regarded as maximally great. Conceptions of maximal greatness differ but theists believe that a maximally great reality must be a maximally great person or God. Theists largely agree that a maximally great person would be omnipresent, omnipotent, omniscient, and all good. They do not agree on a number of God's other attributes, however. We will illustrate this by examining the debate over God's impassibility in western theism and a dispute over God's relation to the space-time world in Indian theism. The entry concludes by examining some concepts of limited deities.William Wainwrightn, Concepts of God
5 décembre 2006
Gouvernement mondial
Proponents of world government offer distinct reasons for why it is an ideal of political organization. Some are motivated negatively and see world government as the definitive solution to old and new human problems such as war and the development of weapons of mass destruction, global poverty and inequality, and environmental degradation. More positively, some have advocated world government as a proper reflection of the unity of the cosmos, under reason or God. Proponents have also differed historically in their views of the form that a world government should take. While medieval thinkers advocated world government under a single monarch or emperor who would possess supreme authority over all other lesser rulers, modern proponents generally do not advocate a wholesale dismantling of the sovereign states system but incremental innovations in global institutional design to move humanity toward world federalism or cosmopolitan democracy.Catherine Lu, World Government, dans The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
23 août 2006
Les objets inexistants
C'est lorsque vous croyez savoir quelque chose à propos, par exemple, des objets inexistants, que tombe un nouvel article de la SEP : vous vous rendez compte, alors, de la superficialité de ce que vous pensiez savoir.
One of the reasons why there are doubts about the concept of a nonexistent object is this: to be able to truly claim of an object that it doesn't exist, it seems that one has to presuppose that it exists, for doesn't a thing have to exist if we are to make a true claim about it?
15 août 2006
Croyance
Contemporary analytic philosophers of mind generally use the term "belief" to refer to the attitude we have, roughly, whenever we take something to be the case or regard it as true.
La lecture de cette nouvelle entrée de la SEP peut s'accompagner de celle de Qu'est-ce que croire ? dans la collection Chemins philosophiques.
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